Joy Y. Cheng, Daniel P. Sanders, et al.
SPIE Advanced Lithography 2008
Paper
Paramagnetic Ru5+ and Ru3+ centers in TiO2:Ru
Abstract
Paramagnetic resonance on TiO2 single crystals doped with ruthenium have shown the presence of both Ru5+(4d3) and Ru3+(4d5) in oxygen octahedral coordination. © 1985.
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