Order and chaos in laser cooled trapped ions
R.G. Devoe, J. Hoffnagle, et al.
QELS 1989
When ions of slightly different mass and the same charge are stored in a radio-frequency electric quadrupole trap, a collective oscillation is observed rather than the independent motions usually assumed. A high-temperature model of ion clouds, each characterized by ions of one mass, shows that the ions of each cloud move as a unit and exhibit a correlated motion with the other clouds when a strong coupling condition is satisfied. This phenomenon is expected to arise whenever more than one ion is trapped and might be observable in neutral atom traps as well. © 1987 The American Physical Society.
R.G. Devoe, J. Hoffnagle, et al.
QELS 1989
J. Hoffnagle, R.G. Devoe, et al.
Physical Review Letters
G.M. Wallraff, D. Medeiros, et al.
Microlithography 2005
J. Hoffnagle, R.G. Brewer
Science