Modelling NEM relays for digital circuit applications
Sunil Rana, Tian Qin, et al.
ISCAS 2013
A voltage-controlled oscillator linearization technique suitable for dual-path phase-locked loops is presented. In the proposed scheme, the state of the integral control path sets the gain of a transconductor in the proportional path in such way that nearly constant VCO gain through the proportional path is achieved. A detailed analysis and design example is presented in the context of delay-interpolating ring-based VCOs. Simulation and measurements in ST 90 nm CMOS technology show that the proposed technique is effective in reducing gain variations across the VCO's tuning range from an uncompensated spread of 1:4 to an average of 1:1.3. © 2013 IEEE.
Sunil Rana, Tian Qin, et al.
ISCAS 2013
Gautam R. Gangasani, Chun-Ming Hsu, et al.
IEEE JSSC
Jun Xie, Yu-Feng Hsu, et al.
ISCAS 2013
Mounir Meghelli, Alexander V. Rylyakov, et al.
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits