Surface light-induced changes in thin polymer films
Andrew Skumanich
SPIE Optics Quebec 1993
This paper introduces a class of probabilistic counting algorithms with which one can estimate the number of distinct elements in a large collection of data (typically a large file stored on disk) in a single pass using only a small additional storage (typically less than a hundred binary words) and only a few operations per element scanned. The algorithms are based on statistical observations made on bits of hashed values of records. They are by construction totally insensitive to the replicative structure of elements in the file; they can be used in the context of distributed systems without any degradation of performances and prove especially useful in the context of data bases query optimisation. © 1985.
Andrew Skumanich
SPIE Optics Quebec 1993
Corneliu Constantinescu
SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications 2009
R.A. Brualdi, A.J. Hoffman
Linear Algebra and Its Applications
David W. Jacobs, Daphna Weinshall, et al.
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence