K.H. Yang, Trieu C. Chieu
Ferroelectrics
We have used simple optical methods to determine, simultaneously, the layer-tilt, pretilt, quiescent state azimuthal, and tilt angles of surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) devices as a function of temperature. In a SSFLC cell aligned by rubbed polymer films, the measured pretilt angles are small and the layer-tilt angle is, in general, less than the tilt angle for the same material at any given temperature in the smectic C phase. The measured pretilt, layer-tilt, angles show a common tendency to converge to zero as the temperature approaches the smectic C-to-A transition, while the azimuthal angle of the director in the stable quiescent state increases toward 90°. We observed that the direction of rubbing for alignment was parallel to the projection of the layer-normal onto the substrate surface within the temperature range of the smectic C and smectic A phases. © 1988 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
K.H. Yang, Trieu C. Chieu
Ferroelectrics
Alan Lien, C. Cai, et al.
Displays
Alan Lien, Marie Angelopoulos, et al.
EURODISPLAY 1997
Minhua Lu, K.H. Yang
EURODISPLAY 2000